Nematicidal Potential of Green Chiretta Extracts Against Meloidogyne enterolobii and M. incognita: In vitro Assessment for Agricultural Application
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2024.8151Keywords:
Crude extracts, Green chiretta, Medicinal plants, Nematicidal activity, Root-knot nematodesAbstract
Root-knot nematodes pose a persistent threat to various economically important crops in Thailand, with limited available management strategies for farmers. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of aqueous (AE), methanolic (ME), ethanolic (EE), ethyl acetate (EAE), and chloroform (CE) crude extracts derived from green chiretta in controlling Meloidogyne enterolobii and M. incognita under laboratory conditions. The results demonstrated significant inhibitory effects of all crude extracts, except for CE, against both nematode species. Notably, AE (10 and 20 mg/mL), ME (20 mg/mL), and EE (20 mg/mL) treatments exhibited maximum inhibition of hatching, leading to a considerable reduction in nematode hatch rates by 87.5 - 96.8 % for M. enterolobii and 88.5 - 96.5 % for M. incognita, compared with distilled water (DW). In terms of second-stage juveniles (J2s) mortality, AE (10 and 20 mg/mL), ME (20 mg/mL), and EAE (20 mg/mL) demonstrated the highest nematicidal activity, resulting in mortality rates of 94.2 - 100 % for M. enterolobii and 92.2 - 99.2 % for M. incognita. Chemotaxis assays revealed a repellent effect of all extracts on both nematode species, except for the ethyl acetate extract (EAE), which attracted M. incognita J2s without affecting M. enterolobii J2s. The observed efficacy was attributed to the higher concentrations of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolics, and terpenoids, in the extracts compared to CE. Based on these in vitro findings, it is suggested that AE, ME, EE, and EAE of green chiretta exhibit significant nematicidal activity against M. enterolobii and M. incognita. Further evaluation under greenhouse and field conditions is warranted to ascertain the practical applicability and effectiveness of these extracts in a real-world agricultural setting.
HIGHLIGHTS
- This study investigates the efficacy of crude extracts from green chiretta against Meloidogyne enterolobii and incognita, common threats to Thai crops. Aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, ethyl acetate, and chloroform extracts were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nematode hatching and mortality, with notable efficacy at specific concentrations.
- The mortality rates of nematodes exposed to aqueous, methanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts demonstrated notable nematicidal activity in the range of 92.2 to 100 %.
- The nematode hatch rates exhibited significant nematicidal activity when exposed to aqueous, methanolic, and ethanolic extracts, with a notable range of 87.5 - 96.8 %.
- The observed efficacy is linked to higher concentrations of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, phenolics, and terpenoids, present in the extracts compared to chloroform.
- Aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts exhibit significant in vitro nematicidal activity against studied nematodes, showcasing potential agricultural applications.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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