The Influence of Yttrium Doping on The Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Barium Hexaferrite

Authors

  • Nazaruddin Nasution Postgraduate Program (Physics), Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
  • Syahrul Humaidi Postgraduate Program (Physics), Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
  • Erna Frida Postgraduate Program (Physics), Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
  • Tulus Na Duma Postgraduate Program (Physics), Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
  • Phahul Zhemas Zul Nehan Study Program of Materials Science, Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
  • Marzuki Naibaho Study Program of Materials Science, Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
  • Masno Ginting Center for Advanced Materials Research (PRMM) - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang-South, Banten 15314, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2025.11043

Keywords:

BaFe12O19, High Energy Milling, Magnetic Properties, Microwave Absober Properties, Yttrium Doping, BaFe12O19, High energy milling, Magnetic properties, Microwave absober properties, Yttrium doping

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of Yttrium (Y) addition as a doping element on the microstructure and magnetic properties of barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19), synthesized using the High Energy Milling (HEM) method. Samples with varying Y concentrations (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15) were prepared and characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The XRD results showed that all samples exhibited a hexagonal M-type crystal structure with a P63/mmc space group. The addition of Y caused a shift in diffraction peaks toward lower angles, indicating an increase in lattice parameters. SEM morphological analysis revealed a decrease in grain size (DSEM) with increasing Y content, from 813 nm (x = 0) to 519 nm (x = 0.15). Additionally, magnetic measurements indicated that the sample with x = 0.05 (Y5) had the optimal magnetic properties, with a saturation magnetization (MS) of 58.11 emu/g and a coercivity (HC) of 2,715 Oe, making it a promising candidate for microwave absorber applications. This study demonstrates that Y doping can modify the structure and enhance the magnetic properties of barium hexaferrite, particularly in optimizing magnetization and reducing coercivity for microwave absorption applications.

HIGHLIGHTS

  • BaFe12−xYxO19 (x =0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15) synthesized using the solid-state reaction method with High Energy Milling (HEM).
  • XRD confirmed single-phase M-type hexaferrite structure.
  • Yttrium doping increased lattice parameters and reduced grain size.
  • Optimal composition (x = 0.05) achieved Ms = 58.11 emu/g and Hc = 2,715 Oe.
  • Enhanced magnetic properties suitable for microwave absorber applications.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Published

2025-08-30

Issue

Vol. 22 No. 12 (2025): Trends in Sciences, Volume 22, Number 12, December 2025

Section

Research Articles

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