Microencapsulation of Anthocyanin-Rich Extract from Indonesian Black Rice using Maltodextrin, Arabic Gum and Skimmed Milk Powder as Wall Material by Spray Drying
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2024.7971Keywords:
Anthocyanin-rich extract, Black rice, Characterization, Microcapsules, Spray dryer, Wall materialAbstract
Indonesia is one of country where black rice is abundantly cultivated. Black rice anthocyanin compounds have been confirmed to have various health benefits, and their use as a functional food is increasing after anthocyanin compounds are produced into microcapsules. This study aimed to determine the best coating material in black rice anthocyanin microcapsule production using spray drying with a mono-factor design. The coating materials used consisted of maltodextrin (MD), Arabic gum (AG) and skim milk powder (SMP). The results showed that microcapsules based on MDA and AG were not perfectly spherical, the outside was wrinkled with a smooth surface, while the microcapsules based on SMP were perfectly spherical with a slightly rough surface. All microcapsules had functional components such as anthocyanins (49.46 - 98.02 mg/100 g), total phenolic (63.51 - 95.83 mg GAE/100 g) and antioxidant activity (25.36 - 43.88 % RSA), which were quite good. The low water content (3.17 - 3.27 %) and aw (0.28 - 0.31) caused the microcapsules to be slightly hygroscopic (18.75 - 21.01 %), with high solubility (87.86 - 96.42 %). The average size of microcapsules was 22.009 - 48.710 mm, where the best flow properties were obtained from SMP-based microcapsules. Microcapsules have a low pH (2.52 - 2.87), with the characteristic color of black rice still preserved (red-violet) due to good stability during drying. In conclusion, SMP is highly recommended as a coating material for black rice anthocyanin microcapsules using the spray drying method.
HIGHLIGHTS
- Black rice is a type of pigmented rice that is widely cultivated in Asia, including Indonesia
- Anthocyanin is the main pigment responsible for the black color of rice
- Black rice anthocyanin compounds are utilized in microcapsule form through a spray-drying process
- Microcapsules from Indonesian black rice anthocyanin extract has high antioxidant potential with a particle size of 22.009 - 48.710 mm
- The use of skim milk powder has great potential in making black rice extract microcapsules
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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