SGLT2 Downregulation Mediates the Antidiabetic and Renoprotective Effects of Swietenia Macrophylla King in A Neonatal Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2025.11224Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, Swietenia macrophylla King, Renoprotective, SGLT2, Blood glucose, Tubular injury, Urine glucose, Diabetes mellitus, Swietenia macrophylla King, Renoprotective, SGLT2, Blood glucose, Tubular injury, Urine glucoseAbstract
Swietenia macrophylla King (SMK) has been reported to exhibit hypoglycemic activity by lowering blood glucose levels, which may aid the management of diabetes mellitus. Elevated blood glucose leads to increased glucose reabsorption in the kidneys and potentially serious kidney complications. In this study, 24 neonatal Wistar rats were induced with 90 mg/kgBW Streptozotocin (STZ) on the 2nd day of birth and divided into 6 groups: Normal control, negative control, positive control, and 3 groups were given Swietenia macrophylla King extract at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kgBW for 21 days. Blood glucose, urine glucose, and Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) expression were examined as biomarkers of glucose reabsorption, and histopathology of the kidney was assessed to evaluate tubular injury in this study. Blood glucose levels and SGLT2 expression in the group receiving extract were lower than the negative control group (p ≤ 0.005). The histopathological picture of the tubular injury in the group that received the extract showed less damage than the negative control group (p ≤ 0.001). The urine glucose levels in the groups that received the extract decreased compared to the first measurements (p < 0.05). The findings indicate that Swietenia macrophylla King extract possesses significant antidiabetic and renoprotective properties, as evidenced by reduced blood and urinary glucose levels, decreased SGLT2 expression, and improved renal histology. These results suggest its potential as a promising natural therapeutic agent for diabetes management, warranting further investigation to explore its underlying mechanisms and clinical applicability.
HIGHLIGHTS
- Swietenia macrophylla King extract significantly lowers blood and urinary glucose levels in a neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.
- The extract downregulates renal SGLT2 expression, suggesting a novel mechanism for its antidiabetic and renoprotective effects.
- This study provides new pharmacological insight into the potential of Swietenia macrophylla as a natural therapeutic agent targeting renal glucose reabsorption in diabetes.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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