The Impact of Activation Heating Rate on Pore Structure in Teak Sawdust-Derived Activated Carbon and Its Application in Methylene Blue Adsorption

Authors

  • I Gusti Agung Kade Suriadi Doctoral Study Program of Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80234, Indonesia
  • Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Negara Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali 80361, Indonesia
  • Tjokorda Gede Tirta Nindhia Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali 80361, Indonesia
  • I Ketut Adi Atmika Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali 80361, Indonesia
  • I Made Dwi Budiana Penindra Industrial Engineering Department, Udayana University, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali 80361, Indonesia
  • I Made Gatot Karohika Mechanical Engineering Department, Udayana University, Bukit Jimbaran, Bali 80361, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2024.8110

Keywords:

Activation heating rate, Activated carbon, Adsorption, Teak sawdust waste, Methylene blue

Abstract

Activated carbon (AC) is a multifunctional adsorbent with a high adsorption capacity because of its pore structure comprising a large pore volume and surface area. However, its pore structure properties are largely influenced by the chemical composition and manufacturing conditions of the raw material. This study examined the effect of activation heating rate parameter on pore structure and methylene blue adsorption in teak sawdust AC. The adsorbent was dehydrated, carbonized and activated at 105, 750 and 700 °C for 2 h, 50 min, and 6 to 14 °C/min, with a nitrogen flow rate of 200 mL/min for 50 min. Several characterizations were carried out to identify pore structure, proximate substance, functional groups, surface morphology, and methylene blue-adsorption capacity of AC. The results showed that activation heating rate with the best properties and capacity of MB adsorption were adsorbed at a peak of 10 °C/min. AC obtained has a C-C aromatic rings functional group, an amorphous crystal structure, an interplanar length of 3.03 Å, 75.74 % fixed carbon, pore surface area of 126.279 m2/g, pore volume of 0.235 cc/g, and a multimodal micropore-mesopore size distribution. This is in addition to adsorption capability of 13.48 mg/g for methylene blue.

HIGHLIGHTS

  • The teak sawdust waste was successfully converted into activated carbon with different activation heating rate.
  • A parabolic pattern of methylene blue adsorption was produced by applying different activation heating rates of 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 °C /min, with adsorption peak of 13.46 mg/g occurring at 10 °C/min.
  • Activated carbon with activation heating rate of 10 °C/min produces the best characteristics (75.74 % fix carbon, surface area of 126.279 m2/g, pore volume of 0.235 cc/g), and maximum methylene blue adsorption capacity (13.46 mg/g).
  • The interplanar lengths of activated carbon range between 3.03 Å and 3.04 Å.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Published

2024-08-20

Issue

Vol. 21 No. 9 (2024): Trends in Sciences, Volume 21, Number 9, September 2024

Section

Research Articles

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