Physicochemical Gradients from Seashore to Culture area in Phetchaburi Province, Thailand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2026.11427Keywords:
Aquaculture, Coastal area, Economic seaweeds, Gulf of Thailand, Mariculture, Physicochemical gradient, Seawater circulationAbstract
Nowadays, nature becoming to imbalance conditions from global warming issue. This effect has widely spread in many countries, especially coastal areas. The characteristics and intensity of environmental issues depend on geography in each area. Also, the Gulf of Thailand confront of rising sea surface temperatures and temporary eutrophication for many years now. Coastal culture is one of the important incomes for Thailand especially marine aquaculture - marine fish, shrimp, oyster and seaweed. Many open ponds are related directly to environment scheme. For seaweed culture, seawater is directly used in circulation by flowing from the natural area. Therefore, the quality of seaweed would not only depend on pond managements but also the environmental sources. This study aims to investigate physicochemical factors that change along the seashore to land use area. Twelve physicochemical factors were collected every 2 months from January 2023 to January 2024 from seashore to the sea grapes aquaculture ponds. Water and sediment samples were collected to analyze the amounts of ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, chemical oxygen demand, organic carbon, temperature, salinity, pH value, dissolved oxygen. The spatial and temporal parameters differences were performed by 2-way ANOVA at 95% confidence interval. The result showed the many physicochemical factors had spatial and temporal variation except the air temperature, had merely temporal variation. Moreover, the key biogenic elements were accumulated in sediment more than seawater. The physicochemical factor change depends on seasonal change in the Gulf of Thailand. The findings of this study indicate that all stations where the coastal area are impacted by environmental issues.
HIGHLIGHTS
Physicochemical factors across the 5 stations - from the seashore to the aquaculture area - were primarily influenced by seasonal variation. Sediment samples exhibited higher accumulation of biogenic compounds, including nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, and organic carbon, compared to seawater. The findings of this study also indicate that all coastal stations are affected by environmental stressors, suggesting a broader impact on the ecosystem. Given the ongoing progression of global warming and climate change, it is likely that environmental conditions in coastal aquaculture ponds will continue to deteriorate. Therefore, Thailand must implement adaptive strategies to ensure food security in the near future.
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