Metabolite Profiling and Anti-Multidrug-Resistant Activity of Streptomyces anulatus ACSAN21-05 Isolated from Indonesian Mangrove Rhizosphere
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2025.10533Keywords:
Broad-spectrum, S. anulatus ACSAN21-05, Polyphasic identification, MDR, Perpendicular streak, Volatile bioactive compounds, 16S rDNAAbstract
Streptomyces isolated from the rhizosphere of Rhizopora apiculata in Baros Mangrove Forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, has the potential to produce bioactive compounds with distinct structures and activities. This study aimed to screen Streptomyces-strains for bioactive compound production, identify the selected Streptomyces using a polyphasic approach, evaluate the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the bioactive compounds produced by the selected strain against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, and determine the bioactive compound profile. Based on a perpendicular streak method test, Streptomyces sp. ACSAN21-05 was selected as a strain producing bioactive compounds with a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, inhibiting MDR Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with inhibition zones of 44, 43, 41 and 42 mm, respectively. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization using the 16S rDNA gene identified strain ACSAN21-05 as S. anulatus. The ethyl acetate extract of strain ACSAN21-05 exhibited MIC values of 12.5 and 25 µg/mL against MDR E. coli and MDR S. aureus, respectively, and 50 µg/mL against both MDR P. aeruginosa and MDR B. subtilis. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified 68 volatile bioactive compounds. Among them, 6 compounds, including eugenol, eucalyptol (1,8-cineole), diacetamide, n-tridecanoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, and pyrazoline, had antibacterial potential against MDR E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The Streptomyces anulatus ACSAN21-05 strain shows promise for development as a producer of novel antibiotics with potential health benefits.
HIGHLIGHTS
- First report of Streptomyces anulatus ACSAN21-05 isolated from the rhizosphere of Rhizopora apiculata in the Baros Mangrove Forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
- The broth extract of S. anulatus ACSAN21-05 showed strong antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens and several volatile compounds were detected.
- S. anulatus ACSAN21-05 is a promising microbe for producing novel antimicrobial compounds, especially in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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