Structural Insights, Biocatalytic Characteristics, and Application Prospects of Lignin Peroxidase for Sustainable Biotechnology - A Critical Review of Recent Progress and Future Directions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2025.9716Keywords:
Lignin peroxidase, Lignin modifying enzymes, Depolymerization, Environmental pollutants, Bio fuelAbstract
Lignin is a complex polymer made up of phenylpropane units coupled by a variety of ether and carbon linkages, giving them an inert and recalcitrant nature. Despite serving as the most abundant source of aromatic high-value products, lignin till date has remained underexploited due to its complexity. Lignin modifying enzymes (LMEs) have gained widespread recognition in enzymatic degradation within the broader context of environmental sustainability and pollution management. Lignin peroxidase (LiP), an enzyme produced by white-rot fungi, has garnered attention for its ability to degrade complex organic pollutants, including lignin-derived compounds and various synthetic dyes as well as the urgent need for effective biocatalysts in waste treatment processes is also addressed. LiP offers a great deal of promise for use in a number of industrial areas, including food, cosmetics, second-generation biofuels, bio-pulping, and bio bleaching. Dual functions of LiP as a crucial biocatalyst include lignin depolymerization and enzyme immobilization. Furthermore, we have discussed innovative strategies for the immobilization of LiP on magnetic nanoparticles found in lignocellulosic biomass. This not only enhances the efficiency of lignin valorization processes but also promotes sustainable practices in biorefineries, paving the way for the development of eco-friendly industrial applications. As closing remarks, the overall advantages of lignin peroxidases as well as several important potential uses have been described.
HIGHLIGHTS
- Sources and methods for enzyme extraction and optimizing reaction conditions has been discussed.
- Lignin peroxidase (LiP) effectively degrades recalcitrant compounds, aiding wastewater treatment.
- This study highlights enzyme’s mechanisms and ability to catalyze oxidation of a broad spectrum of environmental pollutants.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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