The Effect of Alcohol Compounds on Droplet Combustion Characteristics of Unsaturated Fatty Acid of Linoleic Acid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.6720Keywords:
Linoleic acid, Unsaturated fatty acid, Droplet combustion, Alcohol compounds, Methanol, ethanol, Propanol, ButhanolAbstract
Alcohol compounds have become a popular choice as additives for improving the performance of biodiesel. However, given the complexity of biodiesel, which is composed of various components of vegetable oil, it requires intensive research to fully understand its behavior. This study aims to investigate the impact of alcohol compounds on the droplet combustion characteristics of linoleic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid. Four alcohol compounds, namely methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol, were utilized to evaluate their effects on the combustion properties of the fuel mixtures. The droplet combustion characteristics were observed under normal atmospheric pressure and temperature conditions, with the fuel mixture consisting of 80 % linoleic acid and 20 % alcohol compounds. Our findings indicate that the addition of alcohol compounds to linoleic acid significantly reduced the ignition delay time, although the droplet lifetime was slightly increased. Moreover, it was observed that alcohols with shorter carbon chains had a greater impact on reducing the ignition delay time. Additionally, the results demonstrated that the alcohol compounds could accelerate the rate of increasing combustion temperature, reduce soot formation, and shorten the duration of soot formation. Furthermore, it was found that alcohol with a short carbon chain had a more pronounced effect on the overall combustion characteristics of linoleic acid. Overall, our study sheds light on the effects of alcohol compounds on the droplet combustion characteristics of linoleic acid, providing valuable insights for the optimization of biodiesel performance.
HIGHLIGHTS
- Alcohol has a significant impact on the properties of unsaturated fatty acids, specifically on factors such as ignition delay time, droplet lifetime, temperature, flame dimension, and soot production
- The addition of alcohol as an additive, results in a reduction in soot generation and a shorter duration of soot formation
- The length of the carbon chain in the alcohol additive plays a crucial role in the combustion properties of linoleic acid. Alcohols with shorter carbon chains have a greater impact on the overall combustion properties
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Downloads
Metrics
References
S Basu and A Miglani. Combustion and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid fuel droplets: A short review. Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 2016; 96, 482-503.
S Ando, Y Wu, S Nakaya and M Tsue. Droplet combustion behavior of oxidatively degraded methyl laurate and methyl oleate in microgravity. Combust. Flame 2020; 214, 199-210.
S Nasreen, M Nafees, LA Qureshi, MS Asad, A Sadiq and SD Ali. Review of catalytic transesterification methods for biodiesel production. In: K Biernat (Ed.). Biofuels. IntechOpen, London, 2018.
JDAJ Rodrigues, FDP Cardoso, ER Lachter, LRM Estevão, E Lima and RSV Nascimento. Correlating chemical structure and physical properties of vegetable oil esters. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 2006; 83, 353-7.
RV Wedel. Technical handbook for marine biodiesel. CytoCulture International, Inc., Chico, California, 1999.
E Elaine and KL Nyam. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) chemistry, functionality and applications. In: MF Ramadan (Ed.). Chapter 26 - clove oil as bio-additives in biodiesel-diesel fuel. Copyright, Washington, 2022, p. 445-58.
IA Ibadurrohman, N Hamidi, L Yuliati and M Mikami. The impact of ethanol addition on the droplet combustion mechanism of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid/fatty acid methyl ester molecules. Fuel 2023; 334, 126731.
MR Chow, JB Ooi, KM Chee, CH Pun, MV Tran, JCK Leong and S Lim. Effects of ethanol on the evaporation and burning characteristics of palm-oil based biodiesel droplet. J. Energ. Inst. 2021; 98, 35-43.
E Vanzela, WC Nadaleti, RA Bariccatti, PA Cremonez, ED Rossi, PB Filho, R Andreazza, MS Quadro and SND Souza. Physicochemical properties of ethanol with the addition of biodiesel for use in Otto cycle internal combustion engines: Results and revision. Renew. Sustain. Energ. Rev. 2017; 74, 1181-8.
J Huang, H Xiao, X Yang, F Guo and X Hu. Effects of methanol blending on combustion characteristics and various emissions of a diesel engine fueled with soybean biodiesel. Fuel 2020; 282, 118734.
B Prbakaran and D Viswanathan. Experimental investigation of effects of addition of ethanol to bio-diesel on performance, combustion and emission characteristics in CI engine. Alexandria Eng. J. 2018; 57, 383-9.
IA Ibadurrohman, N Hamidi and L Yuliati. The role of the unsaturation degree on the droplet combustion characteristics of fatty acid methyl ester. Alexandria Eng. J. 2022; 61, 2046-60.
T Xuan, Z Sun, AI EL-Seesy, Y Mi, W Zhong, Z He, Q Wang, J Sun, HM El-Batsh, J Cao. An optical study on spray and combustion characteristics of ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/methanol/n-octanol blends; part П: Liquid length and in-flame soot. Energy 2021; 227, 120543.
H Fayaz, MA Mujtaba, MEM Soudagar, L Razzaq, S Nawaz, MA Nawaz, M Farooq, A Afzal, W Ahmed, TMY Khan, S Bashir, H Yaqoob, AI EL-Seesy, S Wageh, A Al-Ghamdi and A Elfasakhany. Collective effect of ternary nano fuel blends on the diesel engine performance and emissions characteristics. Fuel 2021; 293, 120420.
AI El-Seesy, M Nour, H Hassan, A Elfasakhany, Z He and MA Mujtaba. Diesel-oxygenated fuels ternary blends with nano additives in compression ignition engine: A step towards cleaner combustion and green environment. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 2021; 25, 100911.
A Gopinath, K Sairam, R Velraj and G Kumaresan. Effects of the properties and the structural configurations of FA methyl esters on the properties of biodiesel fuel: A review. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. D J. Automobile Eng. 2014; 229, 357-90.
M Plank, G Wachtmeister, E Remmele, K Thuneke and P Emberger. Ignition characteristics of straight vegetable oils in relation to combustion and injection parameters, as well as their fatty acid composition. Fuel Process. Tech. 2017; 167, 271-80.
L Wang, J Wang, X Qiao, D Ju and Z Lin. Effect of ambient temperature on the micro-explosion characteristics of soybean oil droplet: The phenomenon of evaporation induced vapor cloud. Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 2019; 139, 736-46.
AI EL-Seesy, Z He and H Kosaka. Combustion and emission characteristics of a common rail diesel engine run with n-heptanol-methyl oleate mixtures. Energy 2021; 214, 118972.
AJ Folayan, PAL Anawe, AE Aladejare and AO Ayeni. Experimental investigation of the effect of fatty acids configuration, chain length, branching and degree of unsaturation on biodiesel fuel properties obtained from lauric oils, high-oleic and high-linoleic vegetable oil biomass. Energ. Rep. 2019; 5, 793-806.
N Hamidi and J Nugroho. Single droplet combustion characteristics of petroleum diesel-philippine tung biodiesel blends. Trends Sci. 2021; 18, 1409.
OM Ali, T Yusaf, R Mamat, NR Abdullah and AA Abdullah. Influence of chemical blends on palm oil methyl esters’ cold flow properties and fuel characteristics. Energies 2014; 7, 4364-80.
JB Ooi, J Yap, M Tran and K Leong. Experimental investigation on the droplet burning behavior of diesel-palm biodiesel blends. Energ. Fuel. 2019; 33, 11804-11.
K Han, H Chen, B Yang, X Ma, G Song and Y Li. Experimental investigation on droplet burning characteristics of diesel-benzyl azides blend. Fuel 2017; 190, 32-40.
NAN Garzón, AAM Oliveira and E Bazzo. An ignition delay correlation for compression ignition engines fueled with straight soybean oil and diesel oil blends. Fuel 2019; 257, 116050.
J Han, LMT Somers, R Cracknell, A Joedicke and R Wardle. Experimental investigation of ethanol/diesel dual-fuel combustion in a heavy-duty diesel engine. Fuel 2020; 275, 117867.
H Tse, CW Leung and CS Cheung. Investigation on the combustion characteristics and particulate emissions from a diesel engine fueled with diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. Energy 2015; 83, 343-50.
E Marlina, W Wijayanti, L Yuliati and ING Wardana. The role of pole and molecular geometry of fatty acids in vegetable oils droplet on ignition and boiling characteristics. Renew. Energ. 2020; 145, 596-603.
B Waluyo, ING Wardana, L Yuliati and MN Sasongko. The role of molecule cluster on the azeotrope and boiling points of isooctane-ethanol blend. Fuel 2017; 215, 178-86.
M Zhu, HY Setyawan, Z Zhang and D Zhang. Effect of n-butanol addition on the burning rate and soot characteristics during combustion of single droplets of diesel-biodiesel blends. Fuel 2020; 265, 117020.
CC Lee, MV Tran, BT Tan, G Scribano and CT Chong. A comprehensive review on the effects of additives on fundamental combustion characteristics and pollutant formation of biodiesel and ethanol. Fuel 2020; 288, 119749.
K Pan and M Chiu. Droplet combustion of blended fuels with alcohol and biodiesel/diesel in microgravity condition. Fuel 2013; 113, 757-65.
K Han, B Pang, X Ma, H Chen, G Song and Z Ni. An experimental study of the burning characteristics of acetone e butanol e ethanol and diesel blend droplets. Energy 2017; 139, 853-61.
EN Rose, V Nayagam, DL Dietrich, MC Hicks, UG Hegde, RE Padilla and FA Williams. Autoignition dynamics of N-dodecane droplets under normal gravity. Combust. Sci. Tech. 2022; 194, 1830-49.
S Xue, K Hou, Z Zhang, H Liu, C Zhu, X Liu and M He. General models for prediction densities and viscosities of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters. J. Mol. Liq. 2021; 341, 117374.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Walailak University
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
