Cassava Response to Phosphorus Fertilizer in Warin Soil Series Amended with Cassava Tails and Stalk-Bentonite Mixture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.4885Keywords:
Cassava tails and stalk, Bentonite, Phosphorus, Sandy soil, CassavaAbstract
A field experiment was conducted in a farmer field in Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeast, Thailand objectively to investigate the response of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety to phosphorus (P) fertilizer in Warin soil series (classified as Grossarenic Paleustults) amended with cassava tails and stalk (CTS) mixed with bentonite (BTN). The experiment was arranged in split plot with four replications. Main plot consisted of four rates of CTS +BTN: 0+0, 6.25+1.25, 12.5+2.5 and 25+5 t/ha while subplot comprising four rates of P fertilizer: 0, 25, 50 and 100 kg P2O5/ha. Cassava was harvested at 12-month of age and plant samples were collected at the harvesting time to study the effects of soil amendment on the uptake of primary plant nutrients in different plant parts of cassava. The results showed that the CTS+BN mixture at the rate of 25+5 t/ha highly significantly promoted the highest fresh tuber yield (FTY) and starch yield (SY) of 31.79 and 8.97 t/ha, respectively, which were 21.2 and 20.7 % greater than that of the control with no soil amendment addition. Increasing rate of P fertilization highly significantly induced greater FTY, SY and aboveground biomass (ABG) than did the zero-P fertilization. Amending the soil with 25+5 t/ha of CTS+BN along with the addition of 100 kg P2O5/ha interactively gave the significantly highest respective FTY, SY and ABG of 39.76, 11.48 and 17.35 t/ha whereas the plot amended with 12.5+2.5 kg CTS+BN/ha plus 50 kg P2O5/ha fertilization gave slightly lower STY and SY of 36.11 and 10.30 t/ha, respectively. The former combined rate of soil amendment and P fertilizer also had the interaction that highly significantly induced the highest uptake of all primary plant nutrients in the whole plant, accounting for 131.66, 14.23 and 124.13 kg/ha of respective nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The result reaffirmed that amending the soil with proper rate of CTS+BTN mixture enhanced the efficiency of P fertilizer and subsequently improved yield of cassava.
HIGHLIGHTS
- Coarse-textured soils in northeast Thailand are very poor physically and chemically, leading to low yield of cassava planted
- Improving the soils with proper soil amendments combined with phosphorus fertilization can be beneficial to an increase of cassava yield
- Amending Warin soil series, one of the coarse-textured soils in this region, with 25+5 t/ha of cassava tails and stalk + bentonite along with the addition of 100 kg P2O5/ha interactively gave the significantly highest fresh tuber yield, starch yield and aboveground biomass of cassava
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Downloads
References
A Sowcharoensuk. Industry outlook 2022 - 2024: Cassava industry, Available at: https://www.krungsri.com/en/research/industry/industry-outlook/agriculture/cassava/IO/io-cassava-21, accessed February 2022.
North Eastern Tapioca Trade Association. Tapioca’s production and trade survey report: 2021/22, Available at: http://www.nettathai.org/index.php/2012-01-18-08-26-35.html, accessed February 2022.
S Anusontpornperm, S Nortcliff and I Kheoruenromne. Interpretability comparison between soil Taxonomic and fertility capability classification units: A case of some major cassava soils in northeast, Thailand. Kasetsart J. Nat. Sci. 2009; 43, 9-18.
S Boonrawd, S Anusontpornperm, S Thanachit and N Janjirawuttikul. Characteristics and fertility capability of cassava growing soils under different annual rainfall conditions in Northeast Thailand. Khon Kaen Agr. J. 2021; 49, 1034-46.
C Nakviroj. Soil research and fertilizer use for cassava in Thailand (in Thai). Cassava Research and Development for Production Center, Rayong, Thailand, 1998.
RH Howeler. Long-term effect of cassava cultivation on soil productivity. Field Crops Res. 1991; 26, 1-18.
Thai Tapioca Starch Association. The process of tapioca starch production, Available at: http://www.thaitapiocastarch.org/th/information/learning_industry/tapioca_starch_processing, accessed November 2021.
T Jenwitheesuk, S Anusontpornperm, S Thanachit and I Kheoruenromne. Effect of cassava tails and stalk and potassium on cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety, grown in Warin soil series. In: Proceedings of the 44th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand. 2018, p. 60-6.
S Jitkhamen, S Anusontpornperm, S Thanachit, I Kheoruenromne and M. Phun-iam. Response of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety, to potassium fertilizer in Warin soil series amended with cassava tails and stalk for 2 consecutive years. Agr. Sci. J. 2021; 25, 164-84.
R Talebnezhad and AR Sepaskhah. Effects of bentonite on water infiltration in a loamy sand soil. Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 2013; 59, 1409-18.
O Mohawesh and W Durner. Effects of bentonite, hydrogel and biochar amendments on soil hydraulic properties from saturation to oven dryness. Pedosphere 2019; 29, 598-607.
MA Mojid, GCL Wyseure and SMT Mustafa. Water use efficiency and productivity of wheat as a function of clay amendment. Environ. Contr. Biol. 2012; 50, 347-62.
S Tahir and P Marschner. Clay amendment to sandy soil-effect of clay concentration and ped size on nutrient dynamics after residue addition. J. Soils Sediments 2016; 16, 2072-80.
D Aunsanee, S Thanachit, S Anusontpornperm and I Kheoruenromne. Effect of bentonite on increasing the efficiency of K fertilizer and yield of cassava in Satuk soil. Khon Kaen Agr. J. 2015; 43, 707-16.
Y Intawichai, S Anusontpornperm, I Kheoruenromne, S Thanachit and P Petprapai. Response of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety, to cassava tails and stalk, and soil inorganic amendments. Agr. Sci. J. 2017; 47, 317-27.
E Hoffland, GR Findenegg and JA Nelemans. Solubilization of rock phosphate by rape: Evaluation of the role of the nutrient uptake pattern. Plant Soil 1989; 113, 155-60.
JO Omondi, N Lazarovitch, S, Rachmilevitch and U Yermiyahu. Phosphorus affects storage root yield of cassava through root numbers. J. Plant Nutr. 2019; 42, 2070-9.
EO Uyovbisere, VO Chude and A Bationo. Promising nutrient ratio fertilizer formulations for optimal performance of maize in the Nigeria Savannah. The need for a review of current recommendations. Nigeria J. Soil Res. 2000; 1, 29-34.
JL Havlin, SL Tisdale, WL Nelson and JD Beaton. Soil fertility and fertilizers. Pearson Education, New Jersey, 2013.
RH Howeler. Sustainable soil and crop management of cassava in Asia: A reference manual. The International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Vietnam, 2014.
PG Nair, B Mohankumar, M Prabhakar and S Kabeerathumma. Response of cassava to graded doses of phosphorus in acid lateritic soils of high and low P status. J. Root Crops 1988; 14, 1-9.
RH Howeler and L Cadavid. Short-and long-term fertility trials in Colombia to determine the nutrient requirements of cassava. Fertilizer Res. 1990; 26, 61-80.
S Kabeerathumma, B Mohankumar CR Mohankumar, GM Nair, M Prabhakar and NG Pillai. Long range effect of continuous cropping and manuring on cassava production and fertility status. In: Proceedings of the 8th Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops, Bangkok, Thailand. 1990, p. 259-69.
Internacional de Agricultura Tropical. Annual Report for 2007. Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Cali, Colombia, 2007.
RH Howeler. Phosphorus requirements and management of tropical root and tuber crops. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Phosphorus Requirements for Sustainable Agriculture in Asia and Oceania, IRRI, Los Baños, Philippines. 1990, p. 427-44.
J Wargiono, Y Widodo and WH Utomo. Cassava agronomy research and adoption of improved practices in Indonesia - major achievements during the past 20 years. In: Proceedings of the 6th Regional Workshop, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. 2000.
C Sittibusaya. Strategies of developing fertilizer recommendations for field crops (in Thai). Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand, 1996.
JF Parr and SB Hornick. Agricultural use of organic amendments: A historical perspective. Am. J. Altern. Agr. 1992; 7, 181-9.
RH Howeler. Importance of mycorrhiza for phosphorus absorption by cassava. In: RH Howeler (ed.). The cassava handbook: A reference manual based on the Asian regional cassava training course, held in Thailand. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Bangkok, Thailand, 2012, p. 497-523.
RS Yost and RL Fox. Contribution of mycorrhizae to P nutrition of crops growing on an Oxisol. Agron. J. 1979; 71, 903-8.
PVD Zaag, RL Fox, RS Pena and RS Yost. Phosphorus nutrition of cassava, including mycorrhizal effects on P, K, S, Zn and Ca uptake. Field Crops Res. 1979; 2, 253-63.
T Opachat, S Anusontpornperm, S Thanachit and I Kheoruenromne. Major plant nutrient release in jasmine rice growing soils amended with biochar and organic wastes: An incubation study. Int. J. Soil Sci. 2018; 13, 9-17.
J Croker, R Poss, C Hartmann and S Bhuthorndharaj. Effects of recycled bentonite addition on soil properties, plant growth and nutrient uptake in a tropical sandy soil. Plant Soil 2004; 267, 155-63.
AD Noble, GP Gillman, S Nath and RJ Srivastava. Changes in the surface charge characteristics of degraded soils in the wet tropics through the addition of beneficiated bentonite. Aust. J. Soil Res. 2001; 39, 991-1001.
S Boonrod, S Thanachit, S Anusontpornperm and I Kheoruenromme. Response of cassava grown in a loamy sand soil to bentonite and chemical fertilizer. In: Proceedings of the 44th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand. 2018, p. 86-9.
G Byju and G Suja. Mineral nutrition of cassava. Adv. Agron. 2020; 159, 169-235.
International Fertilizer Association. IFA world fertilizer use manual. International Fertilizer Association, Paris, France, 1992.
C Chaem-Ngern, S Anusontpornperm, S Thanachit and I Kheoruenromne. Response of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety, grown in an ustic quartzipsamment, to chicken manure and potassium fertilizer. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 2020; 51, 2765-77.
N Prombut, S Anusontpornperm, S Thanachit, I Kheoruenromne and M Phun-Iam. Response of cassava to potassium fertilization in a tropical sandy Typic Paleustult amended with burnt rice husk for two-consecutive years. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 2022; 53, 1823-40.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Walailak University
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
