Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract-Based, Green-Synthesized Ag-PANI Nanocomposite for Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2026.13505Keywords:
Ag-PANI nanocomposite, Green synthesis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Breast cancer, Antioxidant activity, Antibacterial activityAbstract
Multifunctional nanocomposites with anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities are increasingly needed to address cancer progression, oxidative stress, and microbial resistance using biocompatible and eco-friendly materials. In this study, a green-synthesized Ag-PANI nanocomposite was successfully prepared using Hibiscus sabdariffa extract and evaluated for its physicochemical characteristics and biological performance. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the successful formation of the nanocomposite and the incorporation of Ag nanoparticles within the PANI matrix. The Ag-PANI nanocomposite exhibited improved colloidal behavior, with a reduced hydrodynamic size distribution of about 500 - 600 nm and a positive zeta potential of approximately +22 mV, indicating enhanced dispersion stability compared with pure Ag nanoparticles and pristine PANI. In vitro cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells revealed a clear concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability, with an estimated IC₅₀ in the intermediate concentration range. The nanocomposite also showed notable antioxidant activity, with effective radical scavenging performance in DPPH, H₂O₂, hydroxyl, and superoxide assays. In addition, it demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with maximum inhibition zones of 24.0 ± 0.91 and 21.0 ± 0.73 mm, respectively, at 1250 µg/mL. These findings indicate that the green-synthesized Ag-PANI nanocomposite is a stable and promising multifunctional platform for anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial biomedical applications.
HIGHLIGHTS
- A biocompatible Ag-PANI nanocomposite was successfully fabricated via a green synthesis route using Hibiscus sabdariffa tea extract.
- The Ag-PANI nanocomposite exhibited significant concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cells with an estimated IC₅₀ in the intermediate range.
- The nanocomposite demonstrated notable radical-scavenging antioxidant activity and effective antibacterial performance against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
- Synergistic interaction between silver nanoparticles and polyaniline matrix enhances biological performance, supporting its potential as a multifunctional anticancer nanoplatform.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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