Surface Modification of Banana Pseudo-Stem Cellulose Using Fenton Oxidation: Adsorption Kinetics, Isotherms, and Optimization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2026.12722Keywords:
Fenton, Modified cellulose, Adsorption, MB dye, Kinetic, BBD-RSM, Fenton, Modified cellulose, Adsorption, MB dye, Kinetic, BBD-RSMAbstract
Surface-modified cellulose derived from banana pseudo-stem (BMC), as an abundant, cost-effective, and environmentally-friendly adsorbent, was used to remove methylene blue dye (MB) from water. At first, the banana pseudo-stem underwent several physicochemical treatments to isolate cellulose and followed by Fenton oxidation to introduce desired functional groups onto its surface. The adsorbent was characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, FTIR, and XRD for understanding its characteristics. Next, the effect of adsorption time, pH, initial concentration, and temperature for MB adsorption was investigated in batch experiments. The MB adsorption kinetic and equilibrium data were consistently explained by pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, respectively, with a calculated maximum adsorption capacity of 56.6 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption is an exothermic and spontaneous process. In an optimization study, response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken method was applied and revealed that under the optimal condition (contact time of 151 min, pH of 6.9, and initial concentration of 22.6 mg/L), the maximum removal efficiency was 99.7%. This study suggests a promising strategy to prepare an economical and biodegradable adsorbent from agricultural residue for efficient purification of wastewater.
HIGHLIGHTS
- Waste banana pseudo-stem-derived cellulose as an efficient adsorbent for methylene blue removal
- MB adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherms: chemical sorption
- Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimized contact time, pH, and initial concentration
- Optimal conditions reached at 151 min, pH 6.9, and 22.6 mg/L for maximum MB removal
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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