Design and Study of Nano-Composite Materials based Transparent Conductive Electrode using Green Synthesis method for Solar Cells
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2025.10305Keywords:
Tin Doped Zinc Oxide (ZTO), Solar cell, Transmission, GPVDM simulation, Transparent electrodes, Aloe barbadensis millAbstract
The fabrication of transparent electrodes using green-synthesized nanoparticles offers an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and efficient alternative to conventional clean-room methods. The spin coating technique was used to fabricate a transparent electrode utilizing green synthesized ZTO (Zinc Tin Oxide) Nano composites and MgF2 (Magnesium Fluoride) nanoparticles. In this procedure, glass substrate rotating at 4000 rpm is spin-coated with green synthesized ZTO nanoparticles at varying rotational speeds. For 5000, 6000, and 8000 rpms, follow the same steps. The samples were then dried for an h at 60 °C in a hot air oven. Subsequently, ZTO samples operating at 2000 rpm are covered with MgF2. For the remaining samples, use the same process. There was no discernible conductivity even with a high level of transparency. Finally, on top of MgF2, the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS is placed. This step completed the fabrication of the transparent electrode. Advanced electronic and optoelectronic devices can benefit from the excellent electrical conductivity and transparency of tin-doped zinc oxide (ZTO) films and multilayer combined with other conducting materials. To examine optical and electrical characteristics, UV-visible spectroscopy and a frequency/impedance analyser were utilised. The study determined that the best combination for performance analysis using the GPVDM (General-purpose Photovoltaic Device Model) simulator was 1:1 ZTO nanoparticles extracted with Aloe barbadensis mill and anti-reflection coating as MgF2 as a second layer and PEDOT:PSS as a tri layer. The modeling findings showed that a number of common transparent electrodes used in solar cells may be effectively replaced by green ZTO nanoparticles coated in many layers.
HIGHLIGHTS
- Transparent electrodes are fabricated using green-synthesized ZTO nanoparticles and MgF2 in a simple, eco-friendly and cost-effective route.
- Best performance found with a 1:1 ratio of ZTO nanoparticles extracted from Aloe barbadensis mill, MgF₂ as an anti-reflection coating, and PEDOT:PSS as a third layer.
- Optical and electrical properties of the electrodes were investigated using various characterization techniques.
- Green-synthesized, multilayer-coated ZTO nanoparticles can effectively replace conventional transparent electrodes in solar cells and other optoelectronic applications.
- Achieved maximum electrical conductivity of ~3×10⁻⁸ S/cm in ZTO + MgF₂ + PEDOT:PSS film on glass substrate (sample-4) spun at 4000 RPM.
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