Development of Trichoderma Formulation and Application to Control Durian Anthracnose Disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2024.7276Keywords:
Bioproduct, Colletotrichum sp., Durian anthracnose, Powder formulation, Trichoderma asperellum MSU007Abstract
Anthracnose is a plant fungal disease that damages both quantitative and qualitative crop yields. Biological control of plant disease is an alternative method enabling reduced use of chemicals. The objective of this research was to develop a formulation of Trichoderma for controlling plant anthracnose disease. The efficacy of T. asperellum MSU007 in controlling Colletotrichum sp. by dual culture technique showed that T. asperellum MSU007 was able to inhibit the mycelium growth of Colletotrichum sp. with 50.76 - 74.85 % inhibition. Three formulations of T. asperellum MSU007 were developed. The viability of T. asperellum MSU007 in the formulation after drying at 45 °C showed that the viabilities of formulation 2 and 3 were not significantly different at 5.26×108 and 5.30×108 cfu/g, respectively, while that of formulation 1, the viability of T. asperellum MSU007 was reduced to 3.73×106 cfu/g. After storage at room temperature for 30 days, formulations 2 and 3 did not result in significantly different viability of T. asperellum MSU007 at 4.40×108 and 4.90×108 cfu/g, respectively, and after 90 days of storage at room temperature, it was found that only formulation 3 did not decrease T. asperellum MSU007 viability at 4.33×108 cfu/g. The efficacy of Trichoderma bioproduct in inhibiting anthracnose pathogens on durian leaves was tested. It was found that spraying formulation 3 after inoculation of Colletotrichum sp. resulted in the least anthracnose severity at 15.67 ± 4.04 %, which was significantly different from other treatments including the use of carbendazim. However, it is necessary to further study the efficacy of Trichoderma formulation in the inhibition of durian anthracnose pathogens in field conditions in order to be able to use this bioproduct in future disease control.
HIGHLIGHTS
- This research developed an effective Trichoderma bioproduct to control the durian anthracnose causative agent Colletotrichum spp. which has sufficient potential to be developed and applied in the control of this disease, replacing the use of chemicals in the future.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Downloads
Metrics
References
TK Lim and S Sangchote. Disease of durian. In: RC Ploetz (Ed.). Disease of tropical fruit crop. CABI International, England, 2003, p. 241-51.
K Namsawang, V Tongsri and S Sangchote. Effectiveness of some fungicides on controlling anthracnose disease of durian fruit caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Agr. Sci. J. 2019; 50, 151-4.
M Masyahit, K Sijam, Y Awang and M Ghazali. The occurrence of anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) in Peninsular Malasia. Acta Horticulturae 2013; 975, 187-95.
L Zakaria. Diversity of Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose disease in tropical fruit crops. Agriculture 2021; 11, 297.
YS Bae and GR Knudsen. Soil microbial biomass influence on growth and biocontrol efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum. Biol. Contr. 2005; 32, 236-42.
AT Adekunle, T Ikotun, DA Florini and KF Cardwell. Field evaluation of selected formulations of Trichoderma species as seed treatment to control damping-off of cowpea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2006; 5, 419-24.
A Singh, S Srivastava and HB Singh. Effect of substrates on growth and shelf life of Trichoderma harzianum and its use in biocontrol of diseases. Bioresource Tech. 2007; 98, 470-3.
D Sivakumar, RSW Wijeratnam, FMMT Marikar, M Abeyesekere and RLC Wijesundera. Antagonistic effect of Trichoderma harzianum on postharvest pathogens of rambutans. Acta Horticulturae 2001; 553, 389-92.
H Al-tawel, MB Osman, AA Hamid and WMW Yussof. Optimizing of Trichoderma viride cultivation in submerged state fermentation. Am. J. Appl. Sci. 2009; 6, 1284-8.
SL Woo, M Ruocco, F Vinale, M Nigro, R Marra, N Lombardi, A Pascale, S Lanzuise, G Manganiello and M Lorito. Trichoderma-based products and their widespread use in agriculture. Open Mycol. J. 2014; 8, 71-126.
A Santos, M Garcia, AM Cotes and L Villamizar. The effect of the formulation on the shelf-life of biopesticides based on two Colombian isolates of Trichoderma koningiopsis Th003 and Trichoderma asperellum Th034. Revista Iberoamericana de Micología 2012; 29, 150-6.
FL Motta and MHA Santana. Biomass production from Trichoderma viride in nonconventional oat medium. Biotechnol. Progr. 2012; 28, 1245-50.
B Hanhong. Trichoderma species as abiotic and biotic stress quenchers in plants. Res. J. Biotechnol. 2011; 6, 73-9.
NM Hassanein. Biopotential of some Trichoderma spp. against cotton root rot pathogens and profiles of some of their metabolites. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 2012; 6, 4878-90.
B Ramanujam, RD Prasad, S Sriram and R Rangeswaran. Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management. J. Plant Protect. Res. 2010; 2, 1-8.
R Jeyarajan. Prospects of indigenous mass production and formulation of Trichoderma. In: RJ Rabindra and B Ramanujam (Eds.). Current status of biological control of plant diseases using antagonistic organisms in India. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Bangalore, India, 2006, p. 74-80.
W Sutthisa. Biological control properties of Cyathus spp. to control plant disease pathogens. J. Pure Appl. Microbiol. 2018; 12, 1755-60.
D Rai and AK Tewari. Shelf life studies of different formulations based on Trichoderma harzianum (Th14). Ann. Biol. Res. 2016; 7, 1-5.
N Sawatphanit, W Sutthisa and T Kumlung. Bioformulation development of Bacillus velezensis strain N1 to control rice bacterial leaf blight. Trends Sci. 2022; 19, 6315.
DD Dembele, LDGE Amari, B Camara, I Grechi, JY Rey and D Kone. Pre and postharvest assessment of mango anthracnose incidence and severity in the north of Côte d’Ivoire. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 2019; 13, 2726-38.
RD Cruz-Quiroz, S Roussos, R Rodríguez-Herrera, D Hernandez-Castillo and CN Aguilar. Growth inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Phytophthora capsici by native Mexican Trichoderma strains. Karbala Int. J. Mod. Sci. 2018; 4, 237-43.
M Rana, V Kumar and S Srivastava. In vitro evaluation of Trichoderma species against Colletotrichum falcatum causing red rot of sugarcane. Eur. J. Mol. Clin. Med. 2020; 7, 2646-50.
LR Shovan, MKA Bhuiyan, JA Begum and Z Pervez. In vitro control of Colletotrichum dematium causing anthracnose of soybean by fungicides, plant extract and Trichoderma harzianum. Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 2008; 3, 10-7.
J Shang, B Liu and Z Xu. Efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum TC01 against anthracnose and growth promotion of Camellia sinensis seedlings. Biol. Contr. 2020; 143, 104205.
T Setiorini, AS Li’aini and A Rahmat. Evaluation of Trichoderma asperellum effect toward anthracnose pathogen activity on red chili (Capsicum annum L.) as ecofriendly pesticide. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev. 2022; 13, 131-7.
M Yadav, K Divyanshu, MK Dubey, A Rai, S Kumar, YN Tripathi, V Shukla and RS Upadhyay. Plant growth promotion and differential expression of defense genes in chilli pepper against Colletotrichum truncatum induced by Trichoderma asperellum and T. harzianum. BMC Microbiol. 2023; 23, 54.
A Singh, M Shahid, M Srivastava, S Pandey, A Sharma and V Kumar. Optimal physical parameters for growth of Trichoderma species at varying pH, temperature and agitation. Virol. Mycol. 2014; 3, 1000127.
SC Kolli, A Nagamani and Y Ratnakumari. Growth response of Trichoderma isolates against varying pH levels. Int. J. Environ. Biol. 2012; 4, 180-2.
C Petrisor, A Paica and F Constantinescu. Influence of abiotic factors on in vitro growth of Trichoderma strains. Proc. Rom. Acad. B Chem. Life Sci. Geosci. 2016; 18, 11-4.
S Kumar, M Thakur and R Archana. Trichoderma: Mass production, formulation, quality control, delivery and its scope in commercialization in India for the management of plant diseases. Afr. J. Agr. Res. 2014; 9, 3838-51.
P Sankar and R Jeyarajan. Biological control of sesamum root rot by seed treatment with Trichoderma spp. and Bacillus subtilis. Indian J. Mycol. Plant Pathol. 1996; 26, 147-53.
S Sriram, KB Palanna and B Ramanujam. Effect of chitin on the shelf life of Trichoderma harzianum in talc formulation. Indian J. Agr. Sci. 2010; 80, 930-2.
S Freeman, D Minz, I Kolesnik, O Barbul, A Zveibil, M Maymon, Y Nitzani, B Kirshner, D Rav-David, A Bilu, A Dag, S Shafir and Y Elad. Trichoderma biocontrol of Colletotrichum acutatum and Botrytis cinerea and survival in strawberry. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 2004; 110, 361-70.
CJ Wijesinghe, RSW Wijeratnam, JKRR Samarasekara and RLC Wijesundera. Development of a formulation of Trichoderma asperellum to control black rot disease on pineapple caused by (Thielaviopsis paradoxa). Crop Protect. 2011; 30, 300-6.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Walailak University
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
