Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Feces and Wastewater Treatment System in Swine Farms, Thailand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2024.7223Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistance, CTX-M genes, Swine farm, Thailand, WastewaterAbstract
The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) problem is one that demands urgent interventions to minimize the rapid spread in humans, animals and the environment. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) could spread from livestock farms to environment or circulate in farms via wastewater. This study aimed to quantify and characterize ESBL-Ec in swine feces and wastewater samples collected from 2 conventional swine farms with wastewater treatment systems. Microbiological analysis was performed on fecal and wastewater samples, and the concentration of cefotaxime (CTX)-resistant bacteria, indicative of ESBL-Ec, was determined across different stages of wastewater treatment. Additionally, ESBL-Ec was isolated and identified from fresh feces, swine house wastewater, and treated wastewater from covered lagoons and photosynthetic ponds. Results indicated a higher concentration of CTX-resistant bacteria in the wastewater in the early process of wastewater treatment. However, CTX-resistant bacteria were not detected in the final photosynthetic pond in one of the 2 farms. ESBL-Ec was identified in fresh feces from swine houses and wastewater treatment plants in both farms. Further antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed diverse resistance patterns among the ESBL-Ec isolates, with tetracycline and gentamicin demonstrated the highest resistance rates. The ESBL genes identified belonged to the CTX-M-14, CTX-M-17 and CTX-M-55. This study demonstrated the presence of ESBL-Ec in swine feces and wastewater, emphasizing the importance of effective wastewater treatment before discharging to limit the spread of AMR bacteria.
HIGHLIGHTS
- ESBL producers was isolated from fecal and wastewater samples from swine farms
- The wastewater treatment system could reduce cefotaxime-resistant bacteria
- CTX-M-14, CTX-M-17 and CTX-M-55 genes were detected in swine farms, Thailand
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