Effect of Mg on Al-Mg Alloy and Electroless Ni-P Codeposition of nano-Al2O3: Mechanical, Wear, and Corrosion Resistance Properties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.6793Keywords:
Al-Mg alloy, Electroless Ni-P composite coatings, Codeposition of nano Al2O3, Microstructure, Mechanical, Wear, Corrosion propertiesAbstract
The addition of magnesium to Aluminum alloys has become increasingly popular due to their lightweight, high strength, and corrosion resistance properties. Our research on high-content Mg doped 90, Al-10 wt% Mg alloy has shown that coating it with electroless Ni-P and codepositing nano-Al2O3 (0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 wt%) can significantly improve its mechanical properties, resistance to wear & tear, and even corrosion resistance. The electroless Ni-P-5 wt% Al2O3 composite displayed a wear rate of 0.65×10−3 g/m at 12 N, a microhardness value of 598 HV, and remarkable thermal shock resistance. A strong and uniform bond was formed between the coating and substrate, and no delamination or cracking was observed. Polarisation curves in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution showed that the corrosion potential of the 90, Al-10 wt% Mg alloy was higher than that of Ni-P and Ni-P-nano Al2O3 composites, indicating that the incorporation of nano-Al2O3 into the Ni-P electroless bath provides superior corrosion protection. This cost-effective and simple approach makes the Ni-P-5 wt% Al2O3 nanocomposite coating an ideal choice for shielding Al-Mg alloys from corrosion.
HIGHLIGHTS
- We examine the magnesium content in Al-Mg alloy
- Electroless Ni-P-5 wt% Al2O3 coating could improve the anti-corrosion properties of Al-Mg alloy
- The thermal shock test showed that the alloy had good thermal stability
- Microhardness and wear resistance increase with the addition of nano Al2O3 particles
- The electroless Ni-P-5 wt% Al2O3 composite shows a wear rate of 0.65×10−3 g/m at 12 N
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Downloads
Metrics
References
T Dursun and C Soutis. Recent developments in advanced aircraft aluminium alloys. Mater. Des. 2014; 56, 862-71.
E Georgantzia, M Gkantou and GS Kamaris. Aluminium alloys as structural material: A review of research. Eng. Struct. 2021; 227, 111372.
M Grimm, A Lohmüller, RF Singer and S Virtanen. Influence of the microstructure on the corrosion behaviour of cast Mg-Al alloys. Corrosion Sci. 2019; 155, 195-208.
D Varshney and K Kumar. Application and use of different aluminium alloys with respect to workability, strength and welding parameter optimization. Ain Shams Eng. J. 2021; 12, 1143-52.
RP Verma and MK Lila. A short review on aluminium alloys and welding in structural applications. Mater. Today Proc. 2021; 46, 10687-91.
MN Su and B Young. Material properties of normal and high strength aluminium alloys at elevated temperatures. Thin Walled Struct. 2019; 137, 463-71.
A Heinz, A Haszler, C Keidel, S Moldenhauer, R Benedictus and WS Miller. Recent development in aluminium alloys for aerospace applications. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 2000; 280, 102-7.
R Qiu, Z Li and Z Wu. Enhanced anti-icing and anticorrosion properties of wear-resistant superhydrophobic surfaces based on Al alloys. Mater. Res. Express 2019; 6, 045059.
Y Liu, M Liu, X Chen, Y Cao, HJ Roven, M Murashkin, RZ Valiev and H Zhou. Effect of Mg on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Mg alloys produced by high pressure torsion. Scripta Mater. 2019; 159, 137-41.
L Zhang, Z Cao, Y Liu, G Su and L Cheng. Effect of Al content on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-Al alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2009; 508, 129-33.
D Drozdenko, J Čapek, B Clausen, A Vinogradov and K Máthis. Influence of the solute concentration on the anelasticity in Mg-Al alloys: A multiple-approach study. J. Alloy. Comp. 2019; 786, 779-90.
S Gaurav, R Mishra and M Zunaid. A critical review on mechanical and microstructural properties of dissimilar aluminum (Al)-magnesium (Mg) alloys. J. Adhes. Sci. Tech. 2022; 37, 1117-49.
M Peron, J Torgersen and F Berto. Mg and its alloys for biomedical applications: exploring corrosion and its interplay with mechanical failure. Metals 2017; 7, 252.
F Barandehfard, J Aluha, A Hekmat-Ardakan and F Gitzhofer. Improving corrosion resistance of aluminosilicate refractories towards molten Al-Mg alloy using non-wetting additives: A short review. Materials 2020; 13, 4078.
XM Zhang and WP Chen. Review on corrosion-wear resistance performance of materials in molten aluminum and its alloys. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 2015; 25, 1715-31.
DS Kumar, CT Sasanka, K Ravindra and K Suman. Magnesium and its alloys in automotive applications-a review. Am. J. Mater. Sci. Tech. 2015; 4, 12-30.
J Zhang, B Song, Q Wei, D Bourell and Y Shi. A review of selective laser melting of aluminum alloys: Processing, microstructure, property and developing trends. J. Mater. Sci. Tech. 2019; 35, 270-84.
M Daroonparvar, HR Bakhsheshi-Rad, A Saberi, M Razzaghi, AK Kasar, S Ramakrishna, PL Menezes, M Misra, AF Ismail and S Sharif. Surface modification of magnesium alloys using thermal and solid-state cold spray processes: Challenges and latest progresses. J. Magnes. Alloy. 2022; 10, 2025-61.
R Kromer, S Costil, C Verdy, S Gojon and H Liao. Laser surface texturing to enhance adhesion bond strength of spray coatings-Cold spraying, wire-arc spraying, and atmospheric plasma spraying. Surf. Coating. Tech. 2018; 352, 642-53.
LA Dobrzański. Effect of heat and surface treatment on the structure and properties of the Mg-Al-Zn-Mn casting alloys. Magnesium and Its Alloys. 1st ed. CRC Press, Florida, 2019.
AA Siddiqui and AK Dubey. Recent trends in laser cladding and surface alloying. Optic. Laser Tech. 2021; 134, 106619.
ZZ Yin, WC Qi, RC Zeng, XB Chen, CD Gu, SK Guan and YF Zheng. Advances in coatings on biodegradable magnesium alloys. J. Magnes. Alloy. 2020; 8, 42-56.
A Jung, A Buchwalder, E Hegelmann, P Hengst and R Zenker. Surface engineering of spray-formed aluminium-silicon alloys by plasma nitriding and subsequent electron beam remelting. Surf. Coating. Tech. 2018; 335, 166-72.
M Yan, H Ying and T Ma. Improved microhardness and wear resistance of the as-deposited electroless Ni-P coating. Surf. Coating. Tech. 2008; 202, 5909-13.
J Balaraju, TS Narayanan and S Seshadri. Electroless Ni-P composite coatingsJ. Appl. Electrochem. 2003; 33, 807.
N Ghavidel, SR Allahkaram, R Naderi, M Barzegar and H Bakhshandeh. Corrosion and wear behavior of an electroless Ni-P/nano-SiC coating on AZ31 Mg alloy obtained through environmentally-friendly conversion coating. Surf. Coating. Tech. 2020; 382, 125156.
I Thakur, V Pandey, P Rao, S Tyagi and D Goyal. Tribological study of mechanically milled graphite nanoparticles codeposited in electroless Ni-P coatings. Met. Powder Rep. 2020; 75, 344-9.
P Chandrasekar and D Nagaraju. The effects of electroless Ni−P-Coated SiC and Al2O3 on wear behaviour and thermal stability of AMMCs. Arabian J. Sci. Eng. 2022; 47, 15603-12.
VB Chintada and R Koona. Influence of SiC nano particles on microhardness and corrosion resistance of electroless Ni-P coatings. J. Bio Tribo Corrosion 2018; 4, 68.
M Gholizadeh-Gheshlaghi, D Seifzadeh, P Shoghi and A Habibi-Yangjeh. Electroless Ni-P/nano-WO3 coating and its mechanical and corrosion protection properties. J. Alloy. Comp. 2018; 769, 149-60.
DR Dhakal, G Gyawali, YK Kshetri, JH Choi and SW Lee. Influence of SiC and TiC nanoparticles reinforcement on the microstructure, tribological, and scratch resistance behavior of electroless Ni-P coatings. Nanotechnology 2019; 31, 104001.
DR Dhakal, YK Kshetri, B Chaudhary, TH Kim, SW Lee, BS Kim, Y Song, HS Kim and HH Kim. Particle-size-dependent anticorrosion performance of the Si3N4-nanoparticle-incorporated electroless Ni-P coating. Coatings 2021; 12, 9.
DF Carrillo, A Bermudez, MA Gomez, AA Zuleta, JG Castano and S Mischler. Fretting-corrosion behavior of electroless Ni-P/Ni-P-TiO2 coatings obtained on AZ91D magnesium alloy by a chromium-free process. Surface. Interfac. 2020; 21, 100733.
M Islam, MR Azhar, N Fredj, TD Burleigh, OR Oloyede, AA Almajid and SI Shah. Influence of SiO2 nanoparticles on hardness and corrosion resistance of electroless Ni-P coatings. Surf. Coating. Tech. 2015; 261, 141-8.
A Sharma and A Singh. Electroless Ni-P and Ni-P-Al2O3 nanocomposite coatings and their corrosion and wear resistance. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 2013; 22, 176-83.
P Chandrasekar and D Nagaraju. The effect of electroless Ni–P-Coated Al2O3 on mechanical and tribological properties of scrap Al alloy MMCs. Int. J. Metalcasting 2022; 17, 356-72.
A Arumugam, P Lakshmanan, S Palani and K Parthiban. Wear behavior of Ni-P and Al2O3 electroless nano coating on aluminium alloy. Mater. Today Proc. 2021; 46, 1066-70.
M Lakavat, A Bhaumik, S Gandi and SR Parne. Electroless Ni-P-B coatings on magnesium alloy AZ91D: Influence of nano Al2O3 on corrosion, wear, and hardness behaviour. Surf. Topogr. Metrology Properties 2022; 10, 025021.
S Guo, L Hou, C Guo and Y Wei. Characteristics and corrosion behavior of nickel‐phosphorus coatings deposited by a simplified bath. Mater. Corrosion 2017; 68, 468-75.
V Ingle and M Sorte. Defects, root causes in casting process and their remedies. Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl. 2017; 7, 47-54.
X Li, W Xia, H Yan, J Chen, B Su, M Song, Z Li and Y Li. Dynamic recrystallization behaviors of high Mg alloyed Al-Mg alloy during high strain rate rolling deformation. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 2019; 753, 59-69.
SHM Anijdan, M Sabzi, MR Zadeh and M Farzam. The effect of electroless bath parameters and heat treatment on the properties of Ni-P and Ni-P-Cu composite coatings. Mater. Res. 2018; 21, e20170973.
EM Fayyad, AM Abdullah, MK Hassan, AM Mohamed, G Jarjoura and Z Farhat. Recent advances in electroless-plated Ni-P and its composites for erosion and corrosion applications: A review. Emergent Mater. 2018; 1, 3-24.
S Karthikeyan and B Ramamoorthy. Effect of reducing agent and nano Al2O3 particles on the properties of electroless Ni-P coating. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2014; 307, 654-60.
JP Davim. Tribology for engineers: A practical guide, Elsevier, 2011.
S Alirezaei, S Monirvaghefi, M Salehi and A Saatchi. Wear behavior of Ni-P and Ni-P-Al2O3 electroless coatings. Wear 2007; 262, 978-85.
JP Davim. Progress in green tribology: Green and conventional techniques. De Gruyter, Germany, 2017.
JP Davim. Wear of advanced materials. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2013.
M Eltaher, A Wagih, A Melaibari, A Fathy and G Lubineau. Effect of Al2O3 particles on mechanical and tribological properties of Al-Mg dual-matrix nanocomposites. Ceram. Int. 2020; 46, 5779-87.
Y Li, K Zhang, M Zhang, Y Zhang, T Wu, H Zhao, J Su, Z Wang and J Wang. Preparation of sol-enhanced Ni–P–Al2O3 nanocomposite coating by electrodeposition. J. Nanomaterials 2020; 2020, 5239474.
S Taşci, RC Özden and M Anik. Corrosion and wear characteristics of electroless Ni–P, Ni–P–W and composite Ni–P–W/Al2O3 coatings on AZ91 Sheet. Met. Mater. Int. 2019; 25, 313-23.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Walailak University
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
