Effects of Various Injection Holes with/without Opening Angles of Film Cooling on Blades of Gas Turbine: A CFD Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.452Keywords:
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Cooling efficiency, Film cooling, Injection holes, NACA 0012Abstract
The combustor exit temperature is steadily rising to improve the overall efficiency of the gas turbine. As a result, film cooling, the most important and necessary cooling technology, must be developed further to satisfy this demanding requirement. The film cooling performance on the NACA 0012 gas turbine blade is numerically evaluated in this research using 6 different injection holes with and without opening angles. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software Ansys Fluent v16 is used to conduct 2-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) flow and heat transfer analyses. The flow is assumed to be steady, turbulent, and incompressible. To obtain solutions, the incompressible RANS equations are solved using the finite-volume technique. The simulation results indicate that the SST k-ω turbulence model is appropriate for simulating flow characteristics and evaluating film cooling efficiency over the blade. Furthermore, the opening angle has a beneficial impact on the upper blade surface's cooling performance. The injection hole with an opening angle of 15º and a height of D (injection hole diameter) achieves the maximum value of cooling efficiency. The coolant injected from the hole provides greater cooling coverage for the entire blade in this configuration, increasing cooling effectiveness.
HIGHLIGHTS
- The influence of various geometries of injection holes on the effectiveness of film cooling was investigated
- The low opening angle has a greater impact on film cooling than the other opening angles
- The injection hole with an opening angle eliminates the recirculation region after the coolant exits
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Downloads
Metrics
References
F Fangsu, C Wang and J Zhang. Large eddy simulation of film cooling on turbine vane. J. Therm. Sci. Technol. 2019; 14, JTST0014.
S Mathew, S Ravelli and DG Bogard. Evaluation of CFD predictions using thermal field measurements on a simulated film cooled turbine blade leading edge. J. Turbomach. 2013; 135, 011021.
F Lanzillotta, A Sciacchitano and AG Rao. Effect of film cooling on the aerodynamic performance of an airfoil. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 2017; 66, 108-20.
G Narayanan, M Joshi, P Dutta and K Kalita. PSO-tuned support vector machine metamodels for assessment of turbulent flows in pipe bends. Eng. Comput. 2020; 37, 981-1001.
N Ganesh, P Dutta, M Ramachandran, AK Bhoi and K Kalita. Robust metamodels for accurate quantitative estimation of turbulent flow in pipe bends. Eng. Comput. 2019; 36, 1041-58.
R Abdelmaksoud, and T Wang. Simulation of air/mist cooling in a conjugate, 3-D gas turbine vane with internal passage and external film cooling. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 2020; 160, 120197.
E Fatahian, N Kordani and H Fatahian. The Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method and several rheological models of blood flow: A review. Gazi Univ. J. Sci. 2018; 3, 1213-27.
S Park, HS Sohn, S Shin, O Ueda, HK Moona and HH Cho. Film cooling characteristics on blade platform with a leakage flow through mid-passage gap. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 2021; 167, 120800.
E Fatahian, H Salarian and H Fatahian. Numerical investigation of hazardous gas dispersion over obstacles and residential areas. Int. J. Eng. 2020; 33, 2087-94.
E Fatahian, H Salarian and H Fatahian. A parametric study of the heat exchanger copper coils used in an indirect evaporative cooling system. SN Appl. Sci. 2020; 2, 112.
H Fatahian, E Hosseini and E Fatahian. CFD simulation of a novel design of square cyclone with dual-inverse cone. Adv. Powder Technol. 2020; 31, 1748-58.
H Wang, Z Tao and H Li. A tip region film cooling study of the fan-shaped hole using PSP. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 2020; 153, 119378.
H Fatahian and E Fatahian. Improving efficiency of a square cyclone separator using a dipleg - a CFD-based analysis. Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng. 2020. https://doi.org/10.30492/ijcce.2020.127666. 4129.
CL Liu, L Ye, F Zhang, R Huang and B Li. Film cooling performance evaluation of the furcate hole with cross-flow coolant injection: A comparative study. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 2021; 164, 120457.
H Fatahian, H Salarian, J Khaleghinia and E Fatahian. Improving the efficiency of a savonius vertical axis wind turbine using an optimum parameters. Comput. Res. Prog. Appl. Sci. Eng. 2018; 4, 27-32.
H Dai, J Zhang, Y Ren, N Liu and J Lin. Effect of cooling hole configurations on combustion and heat transfer in an aero-engine combustor. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2021; 182, 115664.
Y Xia, P Sharkey, S Orsino, M Kuron, F Menter, I Verma and B Sen. Stress-blended eddy simulation/flamelet generated manifold simulation of film-cooled surface heat transfer and near-wall reaction. J. Turbomach. 2021; 143, 011008.
A Sari, H Fatahian and E Fatahian. Numerical investigation of heat transfer of flow over the cylinder with high conductivity fins. Comput. Res. Prog. Appl. Sci. Eng. 2017; 3, 85-95.
P Chen, L Wang, X Li, J Ren and H Jiang. Effect of axial turbine non-axisymmetric endwall contouring on film cooling at different locations. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 2020; 147, 118995.
SH Park, YJ Kang, HJ Seo, JS Kwak and YS Kang. Experimental optimization of a fan-shaped film cooling hole with 30 degrees-injection angle and 6-hole length-to-diameter ratio. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 2019; 144, 118652.
DJ Jackson, KL Lee, PM Ligrani and PD Johnson. Transonic aerodynamic losses due to turbine airfoil, suction surface film cooling. J. Turbomach. 1999; 122, 317-26.
BI Mamaev, R Saha and J Fridh. Aerodynamic investigation of turbine cooled vane block. Therm. Eng. 2015; 62, 97-102.
W Colban, KA Thole and M Haendler. A comparison of cylindrical and fan-shaped film-cooling holes on a vane endwall at low and high freestream turbulence levels. J. Turbomach. 2008; 130, 031007.
N Cao, X Li, Z Wu and X Luo. Effect of film hole geometry and blowing ratio on film cooling performance. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2020; 165, 114578.
F Han, H Guo, XF Ding, DW Zhang and HW Li. Experimental investigation on the effects of hole pitch and blowing ratio on the leading edge region film cooling of a rotating twist turbine blade. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 2020; 150, 119380.
J Zhou, X Wang, J Li and H Lu. Effects of diameter ratio and inclination angle on flow and heat transfer characteristics of sister holes film cooling. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 2020; 110, 104426.
E Fatahian and H Fatahian. Simultaneous effect of suction and cavity for controlling flow separation on NACA 0012 airfoil - CFD approach. Gazi Univ. J. Sci. 2021; 34, 235-49.
W Du, L Luo, S Wang and B Sunden. Film cooling in the trailing edge cutback with different land shapes and blowing ratios. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 2021; 125, 105311.
H Fatahian, H Salarian, ME Nimvari and J Khaleghinia. Effect of Gurney flap on flow separation and aerodynamic performance of an airfoil under rain and icing conditions. Acta Mech. Sin. 2020; 36, 659-77.
E Fatahian, H Fatahian, E Hosseini and G Ahmadi. A low-cost solution for the collection of fine particles in square cyclone: A numerical analysis. Powder Technol. 2021; 387, 454-65
P Catalano and M Amato. An evaluation of RANS turbulence modelling for aerodynamic applications. Aerosp. Sci. Technol. 2003; 7, 493-509.
E Fatahian, AL Nichkoohi and H Fatahian. Numerical study of the effect of suction at a compressible and high Reynolds number flow to control the flow separation over Naca 2415 airfoil. Prog. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 2019; 19, 170-9.
E Fatahian, AL Nichkoohi, H Salarian and J Khaleghinia. Effects of the hinge position and suction on flow separation and aerodynamic performance of the NACA 0012 airfoil. J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 2020; 42, 86.
K Lu, MT Schobeiri and JC Han. Numerical simulation of film cooling on rotating blade tips within a high-pressure turbine. In: Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 2013.
SA Abdelfattah and MT Schobeiri. Experimental and numerical investigations of aerodynamic behavior of a three-stage HP-turbine at different operating conditions. In: Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air, Glasgow, UK, 2010, p. 1619-32.
FR Menter. Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications. AIAA J. 1994; 32, 1598-605.
W He, Q Deng, W Zhou, T Gao and Z Feng. Film cooling and aerodynamic performances of a turbine nozzle guide vane with trenched cooling holes. Appl. Therm. Eng. 2019; 150, 150-63.
HK Versteeg and W Malalasekera. An introduction to computational fluid dynamics: The finite volume method. Pearson Education, London, 2007.
N Gregory and CL O'reilly. Low-speed aerodynamic characteristics of NACA 0012 aerofoil section, including the effects of upper-surface roughness simulating hoar frost. HM Stationery Office, London, 1970.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
